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Kempeitai East District Branch
The Kempeitai East District Branch was the headquarters of the Kempeitai, the Japanese military police, during the Japanese occupation of Singapore from 1942 to 1945. It was located at the old YMCA building, at the present site of Singapore's YMCA on Stamford Road. Opened in 1911, the distinctive Art Deco YMCA building was the site of interrogation and torture of many innocent civilians, including the war heroine Elizabeth Choy. After the war, the Singapore government erected several memorials with some at the former massacre sites. In 1995, the former site of the old YMCA building was gazetted by the National Heritage Board as one of the eleven World War II sites of Singapore.〔National Heritage Board, "World War II Sites of Singapore – In Commemoration of the 50th Anniversary of the End of WWII".〕
==History of the Kempeitai==
The Kempeitai was formed as a semi-autonomous unit on 4 January 1881 by order of the Meiji Council of State. Its brief covered military discipline, law and order, intelligence and subversion, as well as policing thoughts in the civilian population.〔Lee, "The Fearsome Kempeitai: Fighting The Anti-Japanese Resistance", pp. 234—8.〕
Their political influence increased when Hideki Tojo became the Vice-Minister of War in the 1930s. From 1895 to 1945, the Kempeitai built up a large network of influence in the ''Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere'', which refers to Japanese-occupied territories in Asia during World War II. All prisoners-of-war (POW) and POW camps came under the control of the Kempeitai, as did 'comfort women' and comfort houses.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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